African Americans During The 20th Century - 1261 Words

Throughout the past couple hundred years, countless battles have been fought in order to eliminate race as a social divider. Perhaps the most influential time frame for African-Americans in the United States would be from 1940-1970. During this time in America, Blacks everywhere were fighting against segregation and discrimination of their race. Consequently, the timeline of events that occurred during this time uncovers the numerous battles that African-American people fought in order to gain their freedom, and their rights as Americans. While these battles seemed everlasting, African-Americans were more persistent than ever in their actions, and because of that, they succeeded. As African-American writer Margaret Walker once said, â€Å"Handicapped as we have been by a racist system of dehumanizing slavery and segregation, our American history of nearly five hundred years reveals that our cultural and spiritual gifts brought from our African past are still intact†. The major ity of America attempted to suppress African-Americans in the mid-twentieth century, but as a group, they grew stronger than ever. Icons such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, and John F. Kennedy had extraordinary positive influences on the fight against segregation and discrimination in The United States of America. These great Americans pushed against the severe issues that African-Americans were facing, and refused to give up until changes were made. With pressures such as the Brown vs. Board ofShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans During The 20th Century1667 Words   |  7 Pagesfor a better part of the 20th century, that what defined a person was merely the color of one’s skin. It is actually more complex than the definition provided. It is one’s life experiences, such as where one lives and the things one deals with. The experiences of African Americans in the 20th century have been similar, mostly experiencing lives filled with affliction. Rather than their sk in color, it was the hardships they faced that define what being an African American was all about. On a moreRead MoreAfrican Americans During The 20th Century3084 Words   |  13 Pages When looking at the social changes in American culture at the turn of the century, we see extraordinary differences in the accepted behaviours and thoughts of American citizens. The century saw a major shift in the way that people lived, with changes in politics, society, culture, economics, and technology. At the beginning of the century, discrimination based on race and sex was significant, but by the end of the 20th century, women had the same legal rights as men and racism had come toRead MoreAfrican Americans During The 20th Century Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesby the media? There are a number of stereotypes associated with African Americans in our society such as African American men are athletes, rappers, criminals, deviant, streetwise, uneducated, and unemployed just to name a few. African Americans in the media have changed through the years. The history of African Americans on TV or minorities in general is hampered by the racial conflicts and segregation that are e mbedded in American society. Historically, black actors have been grouped stereotypicallyRead MoreRacism Against African Americans Became A Major Issue During The Mid -20th Century1032 Words   |  5 PagesRacism against African Americans became a major issue during the mid -20th century. Blacks became tired of the mistreatment they had to face every day, which is why multiple civil rights activists and groups were created in order to change the system. One of these activists, or should I say extremist, was known as the most noble after presenting his 17 minute speech â€Å"I Have a Dream,† given in 1963. He begins his speech painting a passionate picture of racial injustice. He talks about his dream thatRead MoreAfrican American Mothers in Movies662 Words   |  3 Pagesbirth. As people have certain ideas of how a mother acts and presents herself, there is a unique depiction particularly of African American mothers during the 20th century. At the Mothers in Movies event, w e were presented with different clips to analyze and discuss. The compilation of these clips surfaced different ideas held of African American mothers during the 20th century, such as conformity to social norms, aggressiveness, and tough love. In the clip from Love and Basketball, Monica and herRead MoreThe Jim Crow Laws And School Segregation810 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination was everywhere in the 20th century, and the population most affected by this were African Americans. Two of the most critical injustices committed in America during the 20th century were the development of the Jim Crow laws and school segregation. However, these injustices have been rectified as a result of the Civil Rights Movement and the decision of the supreme court of Brown v. Board of Education which brought important changes to African Americans. African Americans were deprived of many rightsRead MoreHuman Progress in the Twentieth Century Despite Two World Wars953 Words   |  4 Pages The world in the 20th century went through the destruction of World War I and World War II and the hazard of a nuclear war in the course of the Cold War and coped to revolutionize themselves with essential developments within their societies. The world, as a whole, has advanced more than it has suffered during the turbulent 20th century because of the advancements of innovations and human right, despite the demolition of the two World Wars. The 20th century inflicted the greatest suffering to theRead MoreThe Nadir of Race Relations by John Boles: Article Analysis897 Words   |  4 PagesRace Relations is to depict the social, economic, and, to a lesser extent, the political conditions for African Americans in the Southern part of the United States from approximately 1870 to 1930. These dates are of fairly significant importance, since they signal the historical epoch after the end of Reconstruction in which several laws and were passed to help enfranchise African Americans throughout the country and in the South in particular and the start of the Great Depression, the latter ofRead MoreThe Tyranny Of White Majority Essay1511 Words   |  7 Pagesand discrimination throughout the 19th and 20th century. Democratic reform throughout the century were implanted to eliminate the â€Å"tyranny of the white majority† Yet many scholars like Tocqueville, Fredrick Harris and WEB DuBois have challenged these results. The r eality is that the tyranny of white majority has continued throughout the 18th to the 21st century resulting in a society that has suppressed and constantly failed to integrate African American into the white society by neglecting the raceRead MoreLatino Americans And Hispanic Americans1114 Words   |  5 PagesHispanic Americans are the largest minority group in the United States. They make up approximately 16 percent of the country s population. They are considered both an ethnic and a racial minority group. Their language, a cultural characteristic, identifies them as an ethnic minority group. Their physical appearance identifies Hispanic-Americans as a racial minority group (Healy 2012). The majority of the Hispanic American population is located in the southwest part of the country. The three largest

Advertising Modern Day Brainwashing Essay - 3202 Words

Brainwashing and Mind Control are â€Å"best thought of as a series of techniques that are used over time to shape a person’s perception, cognition, emotions, decision making and behavior to such an extent that they have lost their freedom of choice† (Mind Control Today). These techniques, once in existence within authoritarian and totalitarian governments, are increasingly being practiced by advertising companies and mass media. There are extensive similarities among the political and economic standards that cause negative impacts on society, as a result of adopting these mind control tactics. As Malcom X pointed out, â€Å"The media is the most powerful entity on earth, because they control the minds of the masses†. Advertisers and corporations†¦show more content†¦Advertisers and marketing companies are mostly interested in subliminal manipulation because by targeting consumers’ subconscious mind, they can control their involuntary actions, emotions and beliefs. The subconscious part of our mind is able to process around 20,000 pieces of information per second, where as our conscious part can only cope with about forty. This function explains why any subliminal message that our subconscious receives, can be received and responded to by consumers without them ever being aware of it. This form of mind control can be very powerful if used correctly, it could influence consumers to want and buy a product without their control (Winder). The result of mind control can be identified in persons who end up developing different beliefs and values. Once this controlling process grows in multiple different ways for a long period of time, it results in brainwashing. Interestingly enough, according to Steve Hassan, in brainwashing, the manipulator is the hostile enemy, where as in mind control the manipulator is a friend, a helper, and the targeted person is a willing participant in the situation. The goal of the advertiser, as a manipulator, is to destroy the consumer’s old identity and create a new one that holds the beliefs, values, and ideas of the manipulator (Mind Control Today). We are often lessShow MoreRelatedSubliminal Advertising and Modern Day Brainwashing6639 Words   |  27 PagesThe advertising industry, a prominent andpowerful industry, engages in deceptive subliminal advertising which most us are unaware of. By bypassing our unconscious mind using subliminal techniques, advertisers tap into the vulne rabilities surrounding our unconscious mind, manipulating and controlling us in many ways. Since the 1940 s subliminal advertising blossomed until now, when you can find subliminals in every major advertisement and magazine cover. Legislation against the advertisers has hadRead MoreSubliminal Messages Are The Popular Phenomenon Of Mind Control1423 Words   |  6 Pagessupposedly boost concentration or other mental processes had been heard of before. However, there was no idea that these things were subliminal messages, because the assumption was that subliminals were more like hypnosis or direct mind control and brainwashing, not more subtle like these examples. Overall, there was minimal knowledge about the true nature of subliminal messaging when research was started. Scientists have learned a multitude of things about subliminal messages since the idea was firstRead MoreTelevision And Its Impact On Children1309 Words   |  6 Pagespositive. On the less fictional side of the small screen, the 24-hours news cycle began and sensationalized opinions exploded. Faced with a rapid degree of transformation from their own childhoods to the present, people found themselves asking if modern television was having negative repercussions on adults as well. And amidst the ongoing conflict with content, commercials rose and with them ideas that physical products would lead to a higher quality of life. While some concerns might be undeservedRead MoreEssay on The Danger of Subliminal Advertising1438 Words   |  6 PagesIn modern society, advertisements and the media bombard Americans every single day. Television advertisements, movies, radio, and even Spam mail have become a daily part of the lives of many citizens. However, most people do not realize the sini ster methods advertisers and corporations employ with the media in order to obtain a profit. The use of subliminal and negative advertising has increased immensely and shows no plan of stopping anytime soon. This dangerous ploy manipulates the public and causesRead MoreThe Problem Of Advertisement, Celebrity Imaging, And Through Many Other Facets Of One s Daily Life1261 Words   |  6 Pageslooks like. â€Å"A technique which is the mainstay of advertisement companies, of personal photo-editing, and of image manipulation in general bears the overtones of a mannerist praxis carried over from the sixteenth century to the twentieth-first.† Advertising is the primary use to modified images/photoshopped images and is the backbone to this silent epidemic. Advertisement is to blame for the degradation of women. Women’s progression for gender equality is being slowed down by what is being shown onRead MoreEssay on Television665 Words   |  3 Pages The impact that television (A.K.A.- TV) has had on mankind in the last 50 years, is rivaled by few other inventions throughout modern history. Recently television has been given a bad wrap, seen by many people as a cruel invention, a boob-tube; mesmerizing and brainwashing its viewers. People have forgotten TV is an educational and entertaining tool used in the everyday lives of people around the world. Without TV and its many advantages where would the world be at this very moment, certainlyRead MoreBrainwashing Youth : How Advertising Influences Children On Gender Images1496 Words   |  6 Pages Brainwashing Youth: How Advertising Influences Children on Gender Images For advertising companies, the topic of advertising to children is one that is very controversial and could lead to a lot of debate on whether it is even ethical to do so. None the less advertisements continue to be aired and targeted towards a particularly vulnerable group: children. At a young age it is a critical time for children. They are not only developing their mental and physical capabilities, but they are also developingRead MoreEssay on Advertising to Children 1013 Words   |  5 PagesThey see it; they want it. Advertising to children is turning a want into a responsive nag to a parent, like a reflex. Every media outlet advertises, and companies like popular fast food restaurants target children. In the process of fattening the children, will their reflexes get slower? At some point in every kid’s life, they see an advertisement for a food or toy they want. This want leads to nagging of the parent until they give in. Although it is highly effective and profi table, fast foodRead MoreHow Characteristics Of Culture Maintain Capitalist Society1664 Words   |  7 Pagesmass deception, as the backbone of my analysis. This will be accomplished by assessing aspects of society such as: monopoly capitalism, the entertainment industry and relevance to modern day society. This paper argues that capitalism transformed culture into an ideological means of domination, and acts as brainwashing tool over the masses. Capitalism in The Concise Encyclopedia of Sociology is defined as: â€Å"the system that provides for needs and wants, animated by a particular ethos, coordinatedRead More Advertising and Its Impact on Children Essays1552 Words   |  7 Pages Advertising has had a powerful impact on today’s children. From songs, to logos, to characters, advertisers keep in mind their audiences. Competition is the force which causes advertisers to target children. Children are targeted through the catch phrases, animated characters, and toys in these competitive advertisements. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The textbook used in class (Huffman, 2002) describes that â€Å"advertising has numerous† methods to hook the individual into â€Å"buying their products

The Market for Online Education Free Essays

string(140) " grading assignments of hundreds of thousands of students requires using automated software, which can only grade multiple choice problems\." Introduction Traditional education is designed around face-to-face communication in a physical classroom. Educational institutions are required to pay for costly inputs, the costs of which are spread out over a limited number of students. It is no surprise then that this education delivery model has produced a 550% increase in the cost of tuition at U. We will write a custom essay sample on The Market for Online Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. universities since 1985 (Vella, 2012). In addition to this, most universities are run by non-profit trusts or governments, where there is little pressure to innovate and fully utilize the physical and intellectual resources of the institution. With this backdrop, online courses are offering low-cost learning alternatives, which are customized for needs of customers, and are available without regard to space and time for different groups of customers worldwide. Over time, attitudes of students and employers towards online education are also improving. Finally, new private companies are coming up to offer customized solutions often backed by cloud computing platforms, though they still lack the brand recognition of traditional universities. This paper will examine the limitations of traditional educational methods and explore sources of demand and supply of online education with a view towards how innovative business models such as crowdsourcing and technology infrastructures such as cloud computing are creating change in online education (Weld et al., 2012). Evolution of Online Education Traditional education delivery in thousands of universities globally is designed around transfer of knowledge from teachers to students via face-to-face, lecture based interaction in physical classrooms. At the outset, this imposes the limit of physical capacity of the classroom on the number of individuals who can enrol in the class. In comparison, recent advances in information and communication technologies have enabled alternative online education delivery mechanisms, which can optimize educational delivery in a cost-efficient manner for a large number of users. Online education can be defined as a new social process which utilizes digital technology to partially or fully substitute traditional classroom learning methods, optimized for learners without the barriers of a traditional educational setup (Hiltz Turoff, 2006). Allen and Seaman (2013) define online education to include courses where at least 80% of the course content is delivered online. These courses are delivered ove r the Internet and include significant use of digital media, data storage and communication technologies such as computer-assisted instruction, group communications, use of immersive simulations, gaming and asynchronous learning networks, collaborative knowledge systems and use of wireless and handheld devices. Online education offers different sets of opportunities to different organisations and individuals. For existing educational institutions, it offers a way to increase enrolment or reach a different type of audience such as corporate training. For start-ups looking to shake up the education ‘industry’, it offers the opportunity to compete with traditional universities on different bases of competition, such as price, program duration or class timing. For others, it offers the opportunity for lifelong learning or the opportunity to learn from professors of top universities. Surveys show that the number of students taking online learning courses is on the rise. Allen and Seaman (2013) report that the total number of students in the U.S. taking at least 1 online course during 2012 has increased to 6.7 million, representing 32% of the total student population of 21 million students. In an endorsement of the online learning platform, 77% of academic leaders believe that online learning leads to better learning outcomes than face-to-face instruction. On the major obstacles that are holding back the growth of online education, the authors believe that most faculty members still do not have a positive view about online learning. 40% believe employers have reservations about online degrees. Product Offerings Online education is influencing different tiers of the market in different ways. Firstly, in traditional universities, more and more fully online classes are being developed, and technology is finding its way into more traditional classes as well. Many universities now offer online only classes for their students. In addition, universities such as Georgia Tech are creating tailor made degrees for corporations such as ATT. This setup benefits the university which gets an extra revenue stream and also ATT which gets high-end skills training for its employees on the job (Kitroeff, 2014). In addition, some new, non-traditional universities have also been set up. These online universities, such as the University of Phoenix, replicate the existing university model but without a physical campus, utilizing online content delivery. A different model has also been developed by some traditional universities such as MIT and Stanford. In partnership with private start-up companies such as Coursera and EdX, these institutions are putting together free classes open to global masses known as massive open online courses (MOOC). These courses are available to all the students in the world who have Internet access and some of these classes boast registrations in hundreds of thousands. Currently, nearly 3% of institutions of higher education in the US are offering MOOCs while another 10% are in the planning process of offering MOOCs (Allen Seaman, 2013). Coursera is also expanding into China with its more than 1 million online learners (Larson, 2014). However, it is not clear how MOOC offerings will be financed (Anderson, 2012). The author points out that giving away content for free usually never turns out to be good business model. Suggestions for revenue generation include subscription and charging employers who want to hire successful students. Another issue is how to ascertain the identity and actual completion of work by a given individual. Udacity, another start-up has devised a solution by offering physical testing facilities in different countries where students can take certification exams in a supervised environment. While they are becoming increasingly popular, MOOCs offer limited customization. In comparison, some start-up education companies are exploring the idea of customized learning enabled by ‘crowdsourcing’. Crowdsourcing is a term which defines the development of an online community whose physically dispersed members may be called upon to provide results online to a given problem. One limitation of MOOCs is that grading assignments of hundreds of thousands of students requires using automated software, which can only grade multiple choice problems. You read "The Market for Online Education" in category "Essay examples" This solution does not work very well in the humanities and social sciences. A crowdsourcing-based solution is to use peer evaluation for this purpose. These learning environments also deploy other technology enabled learning techniques such as using software to analyse common mistakes made by large groups with the highest frequency. Significant insights can be gained into human learning from observing such errors and analyzing their causes. Other automated software agents can crawl the web for useful resources pertaining to the course and collect it on a new website. Additional functionalities that can be offered by machine learning systems include services that link students with particular needs with tutors with skills suitable for teaching those subjects. Role of technology in the online education ecosystem Central to this paradigm shift in education is the Internet and technology revolution. A key enabling innovation in this regard is the development of a low-cost services model known as cloud computing. Cloud computing is an umbrella terms which describes how computers, servers, and applications and processes on those servers can be networked together in a distributed computing platform to create scalable infrastructure which enables users to connect from anywhere and using any device. Cloud computing may be considered an extension of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), which is a software design which makes it easy for computers on a network to cooperate. An institution or group of institutions that gets together to develop a cloud computing based platform needs to develop content and services that can reside inside the cloud since not all applications are cloud enabled (Mircea Andreescu, 2011). Cloud computing is a way of designing a network in blocks, not all of which need to be owned or operated by one university. Instead some components of infrastructure, or the platform or the software or even the computing power itself may be owned and managed by service providers who allow the university to pay for them on an ongoing, pay-per-use basis (Matthew, 2012). Cloud enabled service delivery enables access to educational content by anyone, anywhere on a pay-per-use basis, thus enabling deployment of scalable educational services. If a substantial number of users exist, the cost per user and thus the fee charged to the user can be lowered substantially compared to traditional educational institutions (Moore, 2011). This can have several other advantages for institutions as well. For example, institutions can combine resources with others to share a cloud, and then focus on content creation to focus on their strength and outsourcing the IT services to a large degree. The new business models will begin with market need identification, and then deploying a solution to meet that need, offering a high return on investment (ROI). A major university offering a global MOOC would need a very different platform than a commercial service offering English as Second Language in China and cloud computing would allow each to have the right cost and infrastructure for the size of the opportunity. A lot of effort is going into the development of each of the elements of online education. These include digital books, grading software, intelligent software agents, cloud computing infrastructure and tablets. Amazon is also selling more digital books than paper books and it is now even possible for students taking online classes to rent their textbooks for limited time (Schuetze, 2011). Through its success, online education seems to be substituting traditional education (Mehaffy, 2012). This phenomenon has been labelled by Christensen Eyring (2011) as the process of ‘disruption’. ‘Disruptive technologies’ are championed by new companies which do not compete with the incumbents along the existing bases of competition, but offer new and often low-cost product to a previously underserved group of consumers. Once successful in their niches, they increase volume, improve product quality and unseat incumbents in the high end of the market. Alternatively, disruption forces incumbents to change their business models. One of the reasons the education market seems ripe for disruption is the high cost of university education which makes the high-end of the market out of reach for many students. Some of the new business models in online education offer lower cost alternatives for those average students. In response, several mainstream universities are already considering lowering the residency requirement of their degrees to lower the total cost of earning them, while considering how to improve their online courses. While it may be too early to predict how successful they will be, for now the online education market seems set to grow globally. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that online education is a powerful business model because it can service large underserved segments of the education market at low average cost (Gaytan, 2007). It is a solution for those who could previously not afford the high cost of education or may only need to develop certain job related skills or they may be lifelong learners. Deployment of digital content and software over a cloud enabled distributed computing network is the first step towards infrastructure development required for online learning platforms. More high-quality content is required together with ingenious business models to take online education to the next level of success. Recommendations While they do not face any immediate threats, existing educational institutions will need to adapt their business models in order to not become obsolete. At a minimum, they should consider ways of reducing their cost without diluting the experience. Traditional universities have a strong competitive advantage – they offer a period of residence in an academic community. This is difficult to replicate for online institutions. Online universities should consider partnerships for revenue and content sharing with traditional institutions in order to build their brands quicker. Without brand acceptance, they will never be able to compete with traditional universities. Start-ups should focus on helping develop those innovations that increase the return on investment in new business models for educational service providers to encourage innovation and investment in technology supporting online education. Bibliography Allen, I. E., Seaman, J. 2013. Changing Course: Ten Years of Tracking Online Education in the United States. Sloan Consortium. PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950. Anderson, N. 2012. Elite education for the masses. The Washington Post, 4. Christensen, C. M., Eyring, H. J. 2011. The innovative university: Changing the DNA of higher education from the inside out. John Wiley Sons. Conn, S. S., Reichgelt, H. 2012. Cloud Computing in Support of Applied Learning: A Baseline Study of Infrastructure Design at Southern Polytechnic State University. In Proceedings of the Information Systems Educators Conference ISSN (Vol. 2167, p. 1435). Gaytan, J. 2007. Visions shaping the future of online education: Understanding its historical evolution, implications, and assumptions. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 10(2). Hiltz, S. R., Turoff, M. 2005. Education goes digital: The evolution of online learning and the revolution in higher education. Communications of the ACM,48(10), 59-64. Larson, C. 2014. Coursera’s plan for online education: Expansion in China. Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved on 28 October, 2014 from http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-10-27/coursera-ceo-richard-levin-plans-to-expand-the-company-in-china. Kitroeff, N. 2014. Why ATT is investing in virtual school. Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved on 28 October, 2014 from http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-10-24/at-and-t-and-former-google-vp-back-georgia-tech-online-degree-program. Mathew, S. 2012. Implementation of Cloud Computing in Education – A Revolution. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 4(3), 473 – 475. Mehaffy, G. L. 2012. Challenge and change. Educause Review, 47(5), 25-42. Mircea, M., Andreescu, A. I. 2011. Using cloud computing in higher education: A strategy to improve agility in the current financial crisis. Communications of the IBIMA, 2011, 1-15. Moore, J. C. 2012. A Synthesis of Sloan-C Effective Practices, December 2011. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 16(1), 91-115. Schuetze, C. F. 2011. Textbooks finally take a big leap to digital. The New York Times. Vella, M. (2012). Is higher education doomedFortune. Retrieved on October 28, 2014 from http://fortune.com/2012/07/18/is-higher-education-doomed/. Yuan, L., Powell, S., CETIS, J. 2013. MOOCs and open education: Implications for higher education. Cetis White Paper. Weld, D. S., Adar, E., Chilton, L., Hoffmann, R., Horvitz, E., Koch, M., Mausam, M. 2012. Personalized online education—a crowdsourcing challenge. In Workshops at the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 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