Personality Differences of Adolescents with Working Mothers

Personality Differences of Adolescents with Working Mothers Research proposal on A comparative study on personality of adolescents between working and non working mother in Bangladesh Shinthia parvin SUMMARY The present study will conduct to investigate whether there will any difference in personality of adolescence between working or non-working mother in Bangladesh. For this purpose 100 students will take from different areas of Dhaka city where 50 students mother is housewife and 50 students mother is working women. Each of the group will match regarding their age, educational qualification and socio-economic status. The information will collect through two questionnaire (1) questionnaire for participants’ personal information and (2) Eysenck personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The age group of the participants was between 12 to 18 years. The statistical treatment of the data will do by t-test. The hypotheses of this research assumed that â€Å" there are differences in personality of adolescence between working or non- working mother,†indicating there would be a difference among the four dimension of the personality like Extraversion (E) ,neuroticism (N) , Psychoticism (P) , and Lie scale (L) , in the two groups. Introduction Adolescence is the period of life from late childhood until physical growth is relatively complete and also marks the beginning of early adulthood. Age 13 through 16 is considered early adolescence and 17 through 21 is late adolescence (Wolman, 1989). The term adolescence is commonly used to describe the transitional stage of physical and psychological development between childhood and adulthood. There is no one scientific definition of adolescence or set age boundary. There is a key development change that nearly all adolescents experience during their transition from childhood to adulthood. This time frame, however, not only describes a very diverse reality, but adolescence varies considerably across cultures, over time, and within individuals (Kaplan, 2004). Personality is dynamic which depends on organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his or her unique adjustment to his environment .personality is what a man really is (Allport,1975) .Personality can be defined as the unique pattern of behavioral and mental processes that characterize an individual and the individual’s interactions with the environment (Crider others, 1993). Each man is individual to the dimensions of personality. Because of this difference in personality some women wanted only to look after their family and some women wanted to engage in work outside of their home. Veroff and fello (1970) mentioned that the aim of the women who have professional values are education and working life, whereas the aim of the family related house women are marriage and bringing up their children. French and lesses (1964) have shown in their research that the ancient mentality based on women who Have definite goals demonstrate good skill when they play their role as a wife and as a mother. Majority of Bangladeshi women play a role as a housewife more than a working women, but the women who are residing in the cities are beginning to establish their own profession. Huq (1981) has shown in a research that 55% of working women in the town are the principle earning person of the family, 20% work for filling up the shortage of each other’s income, 6% work to pass their time, 12% work for utilizing their education and 4% work for enjoying their freedom through their profession. Yet, most of the women are still housewives and the numbers of working women are less in number. Bangladeshi society considers motherhood the most desirable role for the women. And family responsibilities are more important for women than careers (Khan Amanullah ),1998 . Miller (1975) saw that a mother’s job creates a negative influence on their child. Traditionally Bangladeshi women work within the family structure. The working women have to work both within the family and in their work place. So it creates more stress on them. It can also affect children‘s life. Islam Rahman (1991) found that the housewife mothers make their children more dependent than working mothers and they become more protective of their female child than of their male child and encourages the male child to develop their language skill .on the other hand, a working mother makes their male child more dependent than their female child and greatly influence them to develop their language skill .The hypothesis of this research assumed that â€Å"there are differences in personality of adolescents between working and non-working mother†, indicating there would be a difference among four dimensions of the personality like Extraversion (E), Neuroticism (N), psychoticism (P), and Lie scale (L), in the two groups. Aims The aim of this research project is to à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Understand adolescent’s personality. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · Investigate there will any differences in personality of adolescents between working and non-working mother. Justification/Rationale Adolescence is a very critical and transitional period of life span of a person. In that time, adolescents have to cope with their physical, social, psychological changes; that is why they have to face a lot of stressful situation such as family, school and peer group pressure which effect their life. Sometimes, adolescents may fall down from their mainstream because of anger, life stress, and lack of consciousness which is threatening to their development. The findings of the study will be helpful to understand the status of personality of the adolescents. The study would have some applied values and the study would give new knowledge about personality and its related of other problems of adolescence period. Therefore, this study will help us to provide such information which is very essential for mental health workers, psychologists, sociologists, governments, NGOs and policy makers to take effective steps to facilitate adolescent development. Method Participants 50 working women’s child and 50 non-working women’s child will take as a sample of the present research. The samples will collect from different places of Dhaka city. The age range of the student will between 12 to 18 years. Their educational qualifications will from class vii to HSC level. The professions of the working mother will school teacher, college teacher, government service holder, doctor, nurse, and banker. Instruments Two types of questionnaire will use. First a demographic questionnaire will give to get the personal information of the participants like age, educational qualification, socioeconomic status, monthly family income, etc. The second questionnaire will Eyesenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) Bengali version(translated standardized byRahman in 1980). EPQ contained one hundred and one items. Both questionnaires will give to the participants individually. Procedure The sample will collect from the different areas of Dhaka city. In this study two types of questionnaire will use, at first questionnaire will be given to collect participants personal information and EPQ is the self-directed questionnaire. Before responding the participants will assure that full confidentiality will be maintained. The participants will answer the questions by circling the ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answer. For each positive item, score 1 indicates ‘yes’ and 0 for ‘no’. Reverse scoring will use for the negative items. The sums of the scores of all items will the total score of the scale for an individual.

Jesus Christ and The Misfit in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard t

Jesus Christ and The Misfit in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find In Flannery O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find,† there are many Christian motifs found throughout the story, but the one that I found most interesting is the fact that O’Connor is apparently drawing parallels between The Misfit and Jesus Christ. Initially it seems like there is no way that this could actually be true- what could the Son of God who sacrificed Himself for the good of humanity have in common with a thief and a robber who escapes from jail and kills a family of six in cold blood? Upon closer examination, we can see that they are more similar than one might initially think. The first insight we may be able to draw is on the subject of names. The Misfit is a term that could easily be applied to Christ. In His time, Christ was an outcast, a rebel, and a man who did not fit the norms of the society in which He lived. He worked on the day of rest, He befriended tax collectors and prostitutes, and He drove the moneychangers out of the Temple in Jerusalem. (Mark 3, Matthew 9, Matthew 21). T...

Advantages Due to Hiring Maid

The maid is a system that involve non-local who is not from our family members who work at our home. According to Zuhaila (2012) the article in NSTP dated March 11. â€Å"Some families say their household will just not be able to function well without a maid†. So with the existence of a maid, it not only brought many benefits for the community but it can ease the burden of parental in order to taking care the home, children and others, especially for careers parents.Although many people have negative perception of hiring maid, I believe that hiring maid is important due to several advantages. The first advantage is it will cut the cost of sending children to nursery. As we know that the cost of sending children to nursery is expensive nowadays. Not only the nursery, hired a babysitter just for a few hours will cost much higher than hiring a maid. According to Kwa on her speech â€Å"Now days, a fee for a monthly babysitter is around RM750 and above, and the cost will increase depend on how many children in the house† (Kwa, The Star, 2012).On the other hand, parents can reduce the times that wasted of sending and fetching children from the nursery. Because of that, hiring a maid can take care of children when parents go to work. Parents also do not worry about the payment every month because our government is standardizing the fee that parents need to pay the maid. The second advantage is it will reduce the burden of doing the house chores. As we know, as a parent their needs to taking care about their career and their duty of doing house chores.Because of that, many locals are waiting to hire maids again as to meet their needs (Raja Zulkeply Dahlan, 2012). In addition, the maid is also a savior for parents who are experiencing stress over the situation in the workplace and home. For a career parents, sometimes the stress at the workplace will be carried away to the house and if at home, the condition not very smooth it will give more pressure on t he parents. Therefore, the extra time will help parents to relax which also increases their productivity at workplace.The third advantage is it will encourage parents to spend more time with their family members. As we know, maid can help doing house chores and allow parents to spend quality time with their families’ member. Because of that, parents will have a valuable period of time to spend their times with families’ member. According to Orlandoyts (2005) â€Å"maid rid you and your daily chores allowing you to spend quality time with your family†. For example, parents can have a picnic on a weekend or bring their children to shopping.In addition, parents can give love and paying more attention to their children. Parents who have time in a long weekend can pay more attention and giving a full of love to their children spend more time with them. Therefore, parents can secure the safety of their children every day. All in all, hiring maid can give parents much advantage to manage the children and parents also their career in workplace. Therefore, the government should play an important role in the entry of domestic workers to meet market demand of maid to the families who needed.

Leach and Leech - Commonly Confused Words

Leach and Leech - Commonly Confused Words The words leach and leech are homophones: they sound alike but have different meanings. Definitions The verb leach means to empty, drain, or remove. The noun leech refers to a bloodsucking worm or to a person who preys on or clings to another. As a verb, leech means to bleed with leeches or to act as a parasite. Examples Batteries are difficult to dispose of and contain harmful heavy-metal compounds that may leach into the soil.The river water was more corrosive than the Detroit systems and caused more lead to  leach  from its aging pipes. Lead can be toxic, and children are especially vulnerable.(Reuters, Michigan Attorney General Sues Frances Veolia in Flint Water Crisis. The New York Times, June 22, 2016)Similar to bloodletting, leeches were used to draw out the bad blood that medieval physicians believed caused many of their patients ailments.The sun rose in a cloudless sky, the same as before. We passed a large island without grass or tree or bush.  The sun  was a leech  that sucked the moisture from our flesh.(Scott ODell, The Kings Fifth. Houghton Mifflin, 1966)She  called him a leech, said hes always sponging off the rest of us.(Swati Kaushal, A Girl Like Me. Penguin, 2008) Idiom Alerts The expression leach away (something) or leach (something) away means to gradually erode or wash away.- Normally the excess salt would be  leached away  as rainwater percolates down through the soil. In dry climates, however, where there isnt enough rain or irrigation to drive the water down that far, salts can accumulate in the root zone.(Ann Larkin Hansen,  The Organic Farming Manual. Storey, 2010)- Nathan? Are you awake? The sweetness quickly  leached away  at the touch of Roiphes nasal voice, leaving a sourness tinged with anxiety, which, Nathan understood, was his default reaction to Roiphe.(David Cronenberg, Consumed. Scribner, 2014) Practice: Leaches or Leeches? (a) Its not pollution that makes the water so black; tannic acid naturally _____ into the river from cypress and pine trees growing along the shoreline. (Bruce Hunt)(b) In modern medicine, _____ are used in reconstructive surgery to provide a vacuum effect that helps stimulate blood circulation. Answers to Practice Exercises (a) Its not pollution that makes the water so black; tannic acid naturally leaches into the river from cypress and pine trees growing along the shoreline.(Bruce Hunt)(b) In modern medicine, leeches are used in reconstructive surgery to provide a vacuum effect that helps stimulate blood circulation.

Cambodia essays

Cambodia essays The worst blow fell in 1975, when the Khmer Rouge (red Khmer) guerrillas under the leadership of Pol Pot overthrew the Khmer Republic and established Democratic Kampuchea. The Khmer Rouge were, at least partially, a reaction to the loss of political power and the social disorder brought on by the regional wars of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as an extreme and localized response to the growing question of Khmer identity in a region dominated and fought over by world powers. Shortly after its independence in 1954, Cambodia felt the pull of the superpowers. The U.S., China, and Vietnam already had significant interests in the country, but Sihanouk, Cambodias king, maintained control and declared neutrality. China was one of the first countries to send military aid in 1963. China supported Sihanouk publicly throughout his reign as king and president, but radical parties in the government supported the inner circle of the Communist Party of Kampuchea. From the 1950s to the mid 1960s, Cambodia prospered. Modernization, development, and substantial foreign aid flowed in under Sihanouk's rule. As in the past, this success was dependent on the behavior of Cambodia's neighbors and on the policies of more powerful nations. Cambodia was neutral for as long as it served the interests of other states. From the mid 1960s, Cambodia became more and more entangled in the regional war. By the early 1970s, as the Khmer Rouge gained strength and control over vast areas of the countryside, the war absorbed Cambodia. Though global factors clearly transformed Cambodia against its will after the 1960s, internal conditions set the stage for the results that followed. These conditions include Khmer cultural factors, the history of nationalism and racism, peasant culture, and the effects of economic development in a global economy. Khmer culture tends toward respect and fear of authority. Khmers view the country as one large family,...

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership - Essay Example This is contested by Andersen (2006) who wrote that traits alone are not enough for effective leadership and they are only prerequisite. Traits only provide people with the potential for leadership. Goleman (2008) hypothesized that great leaders are naturally inclined to show interest in others and bring about positive feelings from these people. This then allows a strong show of support. He further mentioned that learning and practice on desirable leadership style can lead to enhanced performance of a potential leader. Thus, the Great Man Theory only explains a part of a successful leader. There are various factors that influence the development of a good leader (Goleman 2008). Cawthon (1996) stated that most important leadership capabilities and proficiencies can be learned and people can be educated along these as long as there is desire to learn and there are no apparent obstacles to learning such as a learning disorder. When studying the several circumstances that play an import ant role in the lives of the great leaders, it seems hard to believe that only inherent traits contributed to their success. There are too many variables that are considered to make effective leaders. The possession of certain inherent traits does not guarantee the success of leadership. Additionally, any leadership style can be successful as long as it recognizes the path to success. Strong leadership capability goes further than genetic inheritance. House and Mitchell (1974) proposed that successful leaders have the capacity to persuade and motivate others to willingly increase their efforts to contribute to the organisation. They further stated that this can be achieved through a leader’s inimitable focus toward fulfilling the needs of their associates by providing the needed training, supervision and support. These motivate followers toward higher levels of performance. Researchers often take on the assumption that leadership comes inherently with individuals, that some o f them .possess a set of inherent traits that enable them to be recognized as great leaders. For many years, this assumption led social scientists to focus only on these traits. However, because of inconsistency in the results research, the trait theory was discarded in favor of the theory that leadership development does not espouse inherent leadership traits but only leadership styles or behaviors that may be developed and changed completely from one setting to another. There is also the notion that a person who is a leader in one setting may be a follower in another in the same way that traits which are practical in one situation may not be helpful in others. Thus, leaders are not born with any specific traits that determine effective leadership (Howard & Wilson, 1982). Even without inherent traits, a person can be an effective leader as long as he can adapt to the unique demands of ever changing organisations. According to Howard and Wilson (1982), leaders must have the aspirati on to lead. In order to be effective, a person must want to lead. However, even if a person has the ability and education to lead but has no enthusiasm, success will most likely not be achieved. History has presented the crucial roles that leaders and leadership play in the success of an organisation – these can be in the context of business ventures, educational settings and

Social security Tax Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Social security Tax - Term Paper Example The ultimate beneficiary of tax collections are the masses who are given services like quality health services, public schooling, safety and security, cleaner neighborhood, better road and other infrastructural developments. Thus, it can be said that the government uses the people’s money and put it into use that can be translated into better facilities for them. One such taxation is that of social security taxation, the proceeds of which are pooled into to provide old-age benefits, pensions, child health and unemployed. Thus, the key beneficiaries of this kind of taxation are the most vulnerable classes of the society. This paper will shed light on the whole system of social security taxation, its pros and cons and its efficiency in fulfilling its intended purpose. In order to clarify the present day social security system it is imperative to study its evolution over time. The concept of social security was pioneered in 1935 when the American association for Social security led by Abraham Epstein coined the word social security. The actual payments were started in the January of 1937 as retirement funds. However these were only given to the primary working member of the family. It was only in 1939 when the survivors benefit for spouses and children were introduced. With time, more benefits were added to the scope of social security for example, benefits for the disabled were initiated in 1956 and it was followed by a major milestone in the year 1965, when the congress signed the social security law to add medical care to its portfolio of benefits. In order to ensure that people pay this kind of taxation for their own good in the long run, social security number was issued. These numbers became the basis of identification after some time and was used by the civil service commission and revenue boards by 1962. In the United States, the social